法学研究

文章摘要

法律判断形成的模式

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英文关键词: legal decisions;finding of the law;conclusion model;equalization model

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作者	单位
郑永流	中国政法大学

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中文摘要:

法律判断是应用法律的结果。法律应用包括法律适用和法律发现，且主要是法律发现。在法律适用中，事实与规范相适应，判断可直接通过推论得出，这可称为推论模式；而在法律发现中，由于事实与规范不对称，在通过推论得出判断之前，先要对事实与规范进行等置，使事实一般化，将个案向规范提升，将规范具体化，使规范向个案下延，并在两者之间来回审视，螺旋式向上发展，这就是等置模式。相应地，法律判断形成模式包括推论模式和等置模式两种。

英文摘要:

The legal decision is the result of the use of the law. The use of the law includes the application of the law and the finding of the law, but mainly the latter. In the application of the law, the facts match the provisions, thus the legal decisions could be obtained directly through the conclusion. In the finding of the law, the facts do not match the provisions, thus before making conclusion for the decisions, the two should be equalized, on one side generalizing the facts to upgrade them to the provisions, on the other side making concretion of the provisions to extend them downwards to the special case. This is the so一called equalization model. Accordingly, the rmdel of the shaping of legal decisions is made up of conclusion model and equalization model.

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