法学研究

文章摘要

基本权利保护义务关系结构的型变

The Transformation of the Relationship Structure of the Duty of Fundamental Rights Protection

DOI：

中文关键词: 国家保护义务;自由权;社会权;社会法;基本权利;合宪性审查

英文关键词: state duty of protection; the rights to liberty; social right; social law; fundamental rights; constitutional review

基金项目:

作者	单位
李海平	吉林大学法学院

摘要点击次数: 30

全文下载次数: 2

中文摘要:

既有研究普遍将基本权利保护义务关系结构确定为“私主体(自由权保护)—国家—私主体”结构,虽然揭示了基本权利保护义务关系结构的三方关系特质,但并未完成我国基本权利保护义务关系结构理论的本土化建构。基于我国宪法文本,基本权利保护义务的权利基础应从自由权扩展到包括自由权和社会权在内的所有基本权利,基本权利保护义务关系结构中的私主体关系应限定为私权力关系。相应地,基本权利保护义务关系结构从“私主体(自由权保护)—国家—私主体”结构转变为“私主体(自由权和社会权保护)—国家—私权力主体”结构,且可分为效力约束型和效用形成型两种结构类型。基本权利保护义务关系结构的转变带来一系列理论效应,具体包括:将私权力关系识别纳入保护义务内容;对保护义务履行标准的适用进行类型化区分;调整保护义务的合宪性审查框架,以私权力关系识别作为审查的第一步。

英文摘要:

Existing researches define the relationship structure of the duty of fundamental rights protection as “private subjects（protection of rights to liberty）-the state-private subjects”. Although this definition reveals the tripartite relationship attribute of the relationship structure of the duty of fundamental rights protection, it hasn’t completed the localized construction of the theory of relationship structure of the duty of fundamental rights protection. Based on the text of the Chinese constitution, the rights basis of the duty of fundamental rights protection should be expanded from rights to liberty to all fundamental rights, including rights to liberty and social rights, and the relationship between private subjects should be limited to the private power relationship. Correspondingly, the relationship structure of the duty of fundamental rights protection should change to “private subjects（protection of rights to liberty and social rights）-the state-private power subjects”, which can be divided into two types, namely,the effect constraint type and the utility formation type. The transformation of the relationship structure will bring a series of theoretical effects as incorporating the identification of private power relationship into the content of the duty of protection, classifying the application of standards for fulfilling the duty of protection, and adjusting the constitutional review framework for the duty of protection and making the identification of private power relationship the first step of review.

查看全文下载PDF阅读器

关闭