法学研究

文章摘要

论涉他契约——兼评合同法第64条、第65条之规定

DOI：

中文关键词: 民法;合同;涉它契约

英文关键词:

基金项目:

作者	单位
尹田	北京大学法学院

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中文摘要:

涉它契约之涉它 ,包括债务人有义务使第三人向债权人履行债务和第三人有权请求债务人履行债务两种情形。涉它契约系指使契约发生以上结果的特别合意 ,与其赖以产生的原因行为不可混同。向第三人给付的合同使第三人直接取得请求债务人履行的权利 ,债权人同时享有请求债务人向第三人履行的权利。在债务人未向第三人履行时 ,债权人得请求对自己损害的赔偿。由第三人履行的合同 ,第三人并不因当事人的约定承担履行义务。第三人不履行时 ,债务人应向债权人承担损害赔偿责任。我国合同法第 6 4、6 5条未赋予第三人任何法律地位 ,与德国法上的“经由被指令人而未交付”相同 ,因此不属涉它契约。

英文摘要:

The third party referred to the contract should include the following two:debtors have the duty to make the third party performing the debt to the creditors;the third party has the right to demand compensation.The contract referred the third party is a special suit from which the above mentioned actions could be taken place，and it is different from the reasons of those contracts.The reason why the thirdparty gets his or her right to demand debtors performing the duty，and the creditors have the rights to ask the debtors performing their duty to the third party，is the contract which regulated that the third party could be paid.If the debtors do not perform their duties，the creditors could be compensated.If the contracts are those that the third party should perform his or her duty，the duty of the third party does not stem from agreements of the persons concerned.If the thirdparty does not perform his or her duty，debtors should compensate the loss of the creditors.Although the articles 64 and 65 of existing Chinese contract law are similar with the German law regulation concerned，they do not entrust any legal status of the third party，so，they are not the contract referring to the third party.

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