法学研究

文章摘要

侵权法在私法秩序生成中的谦抑性——以竞争秩序的生成为核心

The Modesty of Tort Law in the Generation of Private Law Order

DOI：

英文关键词: tort law; general clause; competition order; anti-unfair competition law; intellectual property legalism

基金项目:

作者	单位
解亘	南京大学法学院

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中文摘要:

侵权法在私法秩序的生成中发挥着最为显著的作用，其所涉及的场景多位于竞争和人格利益领域。侵权法的开放性与他人行动自由的保护需要之间，透过违法性要件或过错要件存在着永恒的张力。在涉及私法秩序生成与否的政策导向型诉讼中，更需要侵权法保持适度的谦抑性。反不正当竞争法具有侵权法的属性，但无论其中的“黑名单”抑或一般条款本身却并非侵权法的特别法，其现实意义在于对侵权法之谦抑性的维系。反不正当竞争法对知识产权法构成“可能性上的兜底”。知识产权法对侵权法一般条款的适用具有“遮断”效果，即对位于他人所享有之知识产权“周边”的信息利用行为，应推定违法性要件或者/以及过错要件的不充足，除非该行为同时落入反不正当竞争法的控制领域。

英文摘要:

Tort law plays the most prominent role in the generation of private law order, and the scenarios it involves are mostly located in the fields of competition and personality interests. An eternal tension between the openness of tort law and the protectability of others' freedom of action is maintained through the elements of illegality or fault. In policy-oriented litigation involving whether private law order is generated or not, tort law needs to maintain appropriate modesty. The anti-unfair competition law has the attributes of tort law, but neither its blacklist nor its general clause itself is special law of tort law. Their practical significance lies in maintaining the modesty of tort law. The anti-unfair competition law constitutes a “possible complement” to intellectual property law. Intellectual property law has a blocking effect on the application of general clauses of tort law. That is, for information utilization acts surrounding the intellectual property rights enjoyed by others, it should be presumed that the elements of illegality and/or fault are insufficient, unless such acts simultaneously fall within the regulatory scope of anti-unfair competition law.

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