文章摘要
行政第三人的程序权利及其司法保护
Procedural Rights of Administrative Third Parties and Their Judicial Protection
  
DOI:
中文关键词:  行政第三人;分配行政;冲突调和模式;绝对程序权利;相对程序权利
英文关键词:  administrative third party; distributive administration; conflict reconciliation model; absolute procedural right; relative procedural right
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作者单位
赵宏  
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中文摘要:
      私人的程序权利是其拥有的公法权利的重要构成。在双边法律关系下,有关程序权利的讨论,常在程序瑕疵的实体法效果和司法审查的双重视角下展开。在三边法律关系下,程序法关系与实体法关系共同呈现于行政处理私人利益的多边冲突框架下,对第三人程序权利的司法保护,不仅需要考虑程序权利是否具有独立性的问题,还应避免对一方程序法地位的强化不当缩减甚至牺牲利益相对方的实体法地位,避免程序瑕疵的风险分配成为利益冲突权衡框架下决定风险分配的唯一要素。在公权论下,第三人的程序权利与相对人的程序权利一样,原则上仅具有相对性,绝对的不依赖于实体决定的程序权利只是例外,法院对程序瑕疵的审查不能摆脱实体决定而进行。在保留法院实体审查空间的同时,程序权利的保护目标可通过尽可能开放诉权、更多地承认绝对程序权利以及压缩法院对实体内容的审查等方式实现。
英文摘要:
      The procedural rights of private persons are important components of their public law rights. Under bilateral legal relations, the discussion of procedural rights is often framed from the dual perspective of the substantive law effects and judicial review of procedural defects. In trilateral legal relations, both procedural law relationship and substantive law relationship are present in the framework of administrative handling of multilateral conflicts of private interests, and judicial protection of the procedural rights of the third party involves not only the question of whether procedural rights are independent but also such questions as how to avoid the strengthening of the procedural status of one party by inappropriately reducing or even sacrificing the interests of the other party’s substantive status and how to prevent procedural defects from becoming the only element in the decision on the allocation of risk under the weighing framework of conflicting interests. Under the theory of public rights, the procedural rights of the third party, like the procedural rights of the counterparty, are only relative in principle, and the absolute procedural rights independent of substantive decisions are exceptions. The court’s review of the procedural defects cannot be carried out without the review of substantive decisions. While preserving the space for substantive review by courts, the goal of protecting procedural rights can be achieved by opening up the right of action as far as possible, recognizing more absolute procedural rights, and compressing the review of substantive content by courts.
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