法学研究

文章摘要

市场主体平等保护对我国经济宪法的塑造

The Shaping of the Economic Constitution of China by the Equal Protection of Market Entities

DOI：

英文关键词: market economy; market entities; equal protection; economic constitution; constitutionality; review standard

基金项目:

作者	单位
任喜荣	吉林大学法学院

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中文摘要:

在社会主义市场经济条件下,国家是否以及如何承担对市场主体的平等保护义务,是重要的经济宪法问题。我国的市场经济法律体系对市场主体平等表现出了明显的强国家保护倾向。这种强国家保护倾向是与西方传统平等保护理论中的弱国家保护倾向相比较而言的,是我国由计划经济向市场经济转型过程中长时段制度累积的结果,塑造了我国经济宪法的规范结构和制度倾向。在强平等保护义务的影响下,我国经济宪法的实施应该形成以平等的制度供给与差别对待的合宪性审查齐头并进的局面,具体指向市场主体规则平等、优化公平竞争审查、禁止歧视性分类、确立统一尺度的严格合宪性审查基准等方面,从而保证各种所有制经济依法平等使用生产要素、公平参与市场竞争、同等受到法律保护。

英文摘要:

Under the circumstances of the socialist market economy, whether and how the state undertakes the obligation of providing equal protection for market entities is a significant economic constitutional issue. The legal system of the market economy in China demonstrates an obvious inclination towards a strong state protection obligation for the equality of market entities. This strong state protection tendency is in contrast to the weak state protection tendency in the traditional Western equal protection theory. It is the outcome of the long-term institutional accumulation during China’s transition from a planned economy to a market economy, shaping the normative structure and institutional propensity of China’s economic constitution. Influenced by the strong equal protection obligation, the implementation of China’s economic constitution should result in a situation where the provision of equal rules and the constitutional review of differential treatment advance simultaneously. Specifically, it should aim at the equality of market entity rules, the optimization of fair competition reviews, the prohibition of discriminatory classifications, and the establishment of a unified and strict constitutional review standard, thereby ensuring that economic sectors of all forms of ownership utilize production factors equally in accordance with law, participate in market competition fairly, and receive equal legal protection.

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