法学研究

文章摘要

家事司法运作的实质主义逻辑及其应然面向

The Substantive Logic and Its Should-be Orientation of Family Judicial Functioning

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英文关键词: family justice; dispute resolution; the formal rule of law; pragmatism; judicial justice

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作者	单位
李拥军	吉林大学法学院

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中文摘要:

家庭关系具有身份性、伦理性、情感性、持续性等特征,家庭关系的运作具有明显的非形式化的特点,一般的民事司法模式无法真正有效地解决家事纠纷。有效解决纠纷的目标赋予了家事司法以实质主义的属性,也使调解成为最为常规的纠纷解决方式。由家庭关系以及家事纠纷的特殊性所决定,家事司法正义往往较少地依赖形式化的要素来实现,且在表现方式上具有情境性、生活化、默会性的特征。当下中国的家事司法不适合走纯粹的形式主义法治路线,而是需要践行一条实用主义法治路线,在不突破法律基本原则和强行法的基础上,允许家事司法具备更多的灵活性和实用性。为此,有必要构建特殊程序、推进法官的素质建设、加强法官职业伦理和职业保障建设、强化社会力量的参与、培育民间规范的融入机制,在保证司法权力正当行使的基础上,满足家事司法的特殊需求。

英文摘要:

Family relationships are characterized by identity, ethics, emotionality, and continuity. The functioning of family relationships exhibits a distinct lack of formality, making general civil judicial models inadequate for effectively resolving family disputes. The goal of effectively resolving disputes endows family justice with a substantive nature, making mediation the most conventional method of dispute resolution. Due to the unique nature of family relationships and family disputes, family justice often relies less on formal elements for its realization, and is situational, lifelike, and tacit in its expression. Currently, family justice in China is not suited to a purely formalistic rule of law approach. Instead, it needs to adopt a pragmatic rule of law approach, allowing greater flexibility and practicality in family justice without breaching fundamental legal principles and mandatory laws. To this end, it is necessary to construct special procedures, improve the quality of judges, strengthen professional ethics and occupational security systems for judges, enhance the participation of social forces, and foster mechanisms for the integration of civil norms, so as ensure the proper exercise of judicial power while meeting the special needs of family justice.

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