法学研究

文章摘要

实质主义宪法监督：内涵、逻辑与实践

Substantive Constitutional Supervision: Connotation, Logic and Practice

DOI：

英文关键词: constitutional supervision; legal supervision; constitutional review; democratic centralism; supervision by the people

基金项目:

作者	单位
朱全宝	深圳大学法学院

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中文摘要:

宪法实施是宪法监督之核心观照，宪法监督需要围绕“保证宪法实施”而具体展开。准确全面地界定宪法监督的主体、对象，构成建立宪法实施情况报告制度的基础，是宪法监督理论和实践亟待回应的时代课题。我国现行宪法从监督主体、监督对象、监督标准等多维度构造了实质主义宪法监督体系，其表征为中国共产党领导下的中央与地方贯通互动，以及权力机关与行政机关、监察机关、审判机关、检察机关的协同作业。实质主义宪法监督内蕴“三者有机统一”和民主集中制理论逻辑。在实质主义宪法监督的内涵与理论逻辑的指引下，提升实质主义宪法监督的质效，需要夯实“党中央总揽性监督—人大主导性监督—‘一府一委两院’辅助性监督—人民全程性监督”的监督闭环，以贯通协调党和国家监督体系，助推中国式宪法监督行稳致远。

英文摘要:

The implementation of the Constitution is the core perspective of constitutional supervision, which needs to be carried out specifically around “ensuring the implementation of the Constitution”. Accurately and comprehensively defining the subjects and objects of constitutional supervision, which forms the basis for establishing a system of reporting on the implementation of the Constitution, is an urgent issue that needs to be addressed in the theory and practice of constitutional supervision. The current Chinese Constitution has constructed a substantive constitutional supervision system in multiple dimensions, such as the subjects, objects, and standards of supervision. It is characterized by the linkage and interaction between the central and local governments under the leadership of the CPC, as well as the coordinated operation of power organs on the one hand and administrative, supervisory, judicial, and procuratorial organs on the other hand. Substantive constitutional supervision embodies the “three organic unities” and the theoretical logic of democratic centralism. Guided by the connotation and theoretical logic of substantive constitutional supervision, improving the quality and effectiveness of substantive constitutional supervision requires consolidating the closed supervision loop of “overall supervision by the CPC Central Committee - leading supervision by the National People’s Congress - auxiliary supervision by governments, supervisory commissions, courts and procuratorates at various levels - full-process supervision by the people”, so as to connect and coordinate the Party and state supervision systems, and promote the stable and far-reaching implementation of the Chinese style constitutional supervision.

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